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离网电力电子解决方案，太阳能供电的应用
随着安装光伏太阳能的成本急剧下降，该技术正日益成为支持非并网应用的现实解决方案。国家可再生能源实验室（NREL）计算太阳能系统的安装成本在2010到略高于7美元/瓦，与Solarbuzz显示系统定价15.50美元每千瓦小时趋势。这是整个系统，包括太阳能电池，储能装置，以及充电器和逆变器的电力电子。
从便携式、公路建筑标志和闪光指示器到远程抽水站和通讯网络，非并网应用的机会似乎无穷无尽。价格的下降继续降低了进入市场的重大障碍，使得曾经严重成本高昂的项目成为现实。
我们将专注于电力电子系统和一些关键的机会和权衡时，要记住设计非并网太阳能系统。与解决大多数系统级问题一样，从最终应用程序需求开始，向后工作以识别、定义和调整整个系统通常是最容易的。
The load
The load could be virtually anything， but an off-grid applicaTIon is off-grid for a reason. The applicaTIon may need to be portable， as is the case with construcTIon informaTIon signs or simple hazard flashers. Given their portability， it is clearly not feasible to run a grid connection for each. Or perhaps the application is in a remote location， such as may be the case with a cellular communication tower or a remote pumping station.
Let us start by identifying some of the key items to consider when developing an off-grid， solar-powered solution. Figure 1 provides a high-level system block diagram. Using an energy-balance approach， the key is to understand the load， including its type and behavior over time.
