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充电和电池控制传感器和解决方案
不久前，“传感器”一词与“换能器”同义，然而，这种情况已经不复存在了。传感器和传感器系统有很长的路要走，并利用新的和多样化的技术。更高的集成是在一个芯片上，可以嵌入无处不在的单片混合信号系统。现代智能手机也许是一个大规模生产的最好的例子，电池供电的移动传感器阵列，可以在全球范围内以无线方式访问。
随着旧电池技术被更新的电池化学和体系结构所取代，传感器的挑战出现。板上和片上传感器必须进行优化设计，利用最新的电池技术。虽然一些传感器可以是简单的电阻，其他需要高分辨率和混合信号技术，以提供更准确的数据，以确保长寿命，最佳性能和安全性的移动设备。
本文着眼于嵌入式传感器的集成解决方案的一部分，优化和保护电池为基础的设计。独立和外围拓扑结构将讨论使用特定的部分作为例子。所有的部件和技术的引用可以在Digi-Key网站找到的。
Battery controllers
Electronics for modern battery-powered systems should be able to operate in two states; while line power is available， and when it is not. While line power is connected， operaTIonal power as well as charge power is metered， monitored， and controlled. When disconnected from line power， battery-only energy is used and should be carefully monitored. The protecTIon schemes employed can be distributed between the chargers and the handheld or mobile units themselves， and each should hold the specific sensors and protect against the condiTIons they are potenTIally exposed to.
For example， battery-powered systems are line isolated and will not be subjected to power-line surges and spikes. These types of sensing and suppression components may not be needed in the handheld and mobile design. However， these should be used in a charge cradle since line faults can potentially propagate through circuits and take out unprotected batteries.
