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供电的微控制器与能量收集
将环境中的能量，如光、振动或热差，收集到电力电子中，是一个非常简洁和合理的想法；毫不奇怪的是，它已经吸引了电子工程师们十多年的想象力。但直到最近几年，这项技术才有足够的可操作性，才能在大规模市场应用中真正可行。此外，现在出现了一些重要的市场机会。
为提高能源效率和减少二氧化碳的排放量，获得国家和国际的焦点，雄心勃勃的计划如智能建筑和智能城市被如射频技术的无线传感器网络启用，经常由清理周围的能量，并与控制系统通过蜂窝或Wi-Fi网络到互联网的网络集成。在安全、农业、医疗保健、环境监测、基础设施监测和资产管理等领域也出现了其他大型应用程序。
At the simplest level， self-sufficient energy harvesTIng products are moving into the mainstream. Consider the wireless light switch that uses the piezo-electric energy generated by the switching relay to send an RF signal to the light source to turn it on or off. Another example is a wireless temperature sensor powered by energy captured by PelTIer elements exploiTIng a heat differenTIal between two surfaces， which， via a thermoelectric generator enables the sensor values to be transmitted at regular intervals. Tire pressure and wear sensors are probably some of the earliest most successful mass deployments of energy harvesting technology.¹
